A further iconic device is encountered in a number of paintings in which the martyr-saint is bound to a tree--i.e., St. Sebastian's right foot steps or rests upon a stone block. This tends to place the midline of the body in a gentle sway which accentuates the lack of full body covering--e.g., the Master of Veneto (1520) (See: Figure 186), Benvenuto Tisi (Il Garafalo) (1526) (See: Figure 136), the Master Manierista Campano (a. 1575) (See: Figure 187), Antonio Campi (b. 1580) (See: Figure 41), and Guido Reni (1639-40) (See: Figure 188), among others. Titian (1520) (See: Figure 189) places St. Sebastian's foot upon the drum of a fallen column. This may be seen to be related to the above iconic variation and may refer to St. Sebastian's ultimate victory over earthly authority. However, the subject and the manner of presentation which presents St. Sebastian bound to a tree or stake or column may appear to have a limited number of compositional possibilities. From early works which shows the martyr-saint standing in what the Hindu refer to as the samabhangasana position--e.g., the Anonymous Swiss (1380) (See: Figure 51) or Biagio Manzoni (1630) (See: Figure 53)--to the wildly contorted forms seen in the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries--e.g., Johann Bockhorst (1630) (See: Figure 116) or Guido Cagnacci (c. 1620) (See: Figure 190)--the placement of the martyr-saint's right foot upon a 'step' may be seen as a mere compositional variation. However, in virtually all the cases in which this modification is employed, it is nearly always the martyr-saint's right foot. This fact may have iconic implications. The right hand, and by inference, the right foot, is traditionally seen as the most auspicious, the most favorable side--i.e., the dexter or droit as opposed to the sinistre or gauche. In the Hindu and Buddhist faiths one circumambulates a sacred sight clockwise, the right side always towards the sanctum, the holy spot. In Roman Catholic tradition, a priest moves around the altar clockwise. The right is associated with the male and, therefore, the idea principle, light, the sun and the east.
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